Kinetics of Quaternary Ammonium Salts Synthesis

Abstract

The aim of this work is to study the synthesis of quaternary ammonium compounds based on olefins and to investigate the structure and properties of the obtained products. To achieve this goal, at the first stage, the process of obtaining isohexyl monochloroacetate by the esterification reaction of hexene isomers with monochloroacetic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst was studied and then by the cauterization reaction of the obtained product with triethylamine, quaternary ammonium salts were obtained in an organic solvent medium at 30 °C. The influence of the initial reagents, the nature of the solvent and temperature on the rate of the quaternization reaction was studied. The influence of the reaction duration on the yield of the formed quaternary salts was also studied. The physical properties of the synthesized esters and quaternary ammonium salts were determined. The structure of the product was determined by IR spectroscopy and thermoanalytical methods. A basic technological scheme for the synthesis of quaternary ammonium compounds is proposed.